CRITICAL THINKING IN NURSING

a.       Definition.

An ability of how nurses are able to think systematically and apply intellectual standards to analyze thinking processes.

            Critical thinking in nursing is an important component in accounting for the professionalism and quality of nursing care services.

A critical thinker in nursing practice   is someone who has the knowledge skills to analyze, apply standards, seek information,   use rational reasoning, predict and transform knowledge.

b.       Characteristics of Critical Thinking.

According to Wilkinson (1992) , the characteristics of critical thinking in nursing are in principle a unity of:

1.      Thinking (thinking).

2.      Feeling (feeling).

3.      Doing (doing).

The critical thinking model THINK (total recall, habits, inquiry, new ideas, and creativity, knowing how you think) is a basic component that includes thoughts, feelings, and working together/in line with nursing.

A nurse is said to be able to think critically if she can use all of these models at all times. Critical thinking learning model in nursing: Feeling model, vision model, and examine model.

1.      Feeling Model.

This model emphasizes feelings, impressions and data or facts found, trying to put forward feelings in making observations, sensitivity in carrying out nursing activities and vigilant attention.

2.      Vision model.

Used to evoke mindsets, organize and translate feelings to formulate analysis hypotheses, conjectures and ideas about the client's health nursing problems. Critical thinking is used to look for principles of understanding and roles as appropriate guidelines for responding to the expression of both the nurse's feelings and the client's feelings.

3.      Examine model.

This model is used to reflect ideas, understanding, vision and find the right role for analysis.

c.        Components of Critical Thinking in Nursing.

1.      Basic specialized knowledge.

2.      Experience.

3.      Competence.

4.      Attitude.

5.      Standard.

a.)    Components of Critical Thinking.

1.)    Basic specialized knowledge.

The nurse's knowledge base includes information and theory from the sciences, nature, humanities, and nursing needed to think about nursing problems.

2.)    Experience.

Clinical experience provides a means of testing nursing knowledge. Benner (1984) wrote that the skilled nurse understands the context of a critical situation, recognizes cues, and interprets them as relevant or irrelevant. This level of competence comes from experience.

3.)    Competence.

Critical thinking competence is a cognitive process that nurses use to make nursing judgments. There are three types of competency.

1.      General critical thinking. That is, general critical thinking includes the scientific method, problem solving and decision making.

2.      Specific critical thinking in clinical situations. That is, the competencies covered here are diagnostic judgment, clinical conclusion, and clinical decision making.

3.      Specific critical thinking in nursing. That is, a systematic approach used to critically examine and examine the client's condition, identify the client's response to health problems, take appropriate action, and then evaluate whether the actions taken have been effective.

4.)    Attitude.

Attitude in this case is something that must be demonstrated by critical thinkers. The attitude to think critically is:

1.      Accountability.

2.      Think independently.

3.      Take risks.

4. The      day of humility.

5.      Integrity.

6.      Perseverance.

7.      Creativity.

5.)    Standard.

a.)    The ability of nurses to think critically about client problems, so it is important to use critical thinking standards to ensure that the right decisions have been made.

b.)    Professional standards for critical thinking refer to ethical criteria for nursing judgments and criteria for professional responsibility and accountability.

c.)    Standards for critical thinking are clear, specific, consistent, comprehensive, complete, sufficient, precise, accurate, reasonable, logical, broad, significant, open.

d.       Levels of Critical Thinking in Nursing.

1.      Basic level.

a)    Thinking tends to be concrete and based on a set of rules or principles.

b.)    Is the first step in making judgments.

2.      Complex Level.

a.)    Will continuously recognize the diversity of views and individual perceptions.

b.)    Ability to analyze and research alternatives more independently and alternatively.

c.)    Nurses learn different approaches to the same therapy.

3.      Level of Commitment.

a)    The nurse is able to anticipate the need to make critical choices after analyzing the advantages of other alternatives.

e.        Critical Thinking in Nursing.

1.      Think critically in the study level.

2.      Critical thinking in the nursing diagnosis stage.

3.      Critical thinking in the implementation stage.

4.      Critical thinking in the evaluation stage.

1.)    Critical Thinking in Assessment.

The process of understanding what information is collected, the data collection methods used, thinking about the suitability of the information and making a conclusion about the client's response to the client's condition. Analysis of the   nurse's critical questions on each activity at that stage is.

a.)    Data collection.

b.)    Grouping/organizing data.

c.)    Pemvalidasian data.

d.)   Data documentation.

2.)    Critical Thinking at the Diagnosis stage.

This is the most critical decision-making stage because you have to determine the problem and reason rationally. The nurse's critical question analysis for each activity at this stage is.

a.)    Data analysis.

b.)    Identification of client problems.

c.    Make nursing diagnosis questions.

d.)   Prioritizing nursing diagnoses.

e.)    Documenting nursing diagnoses.

3.)    Critical Thinking in Intervention.

Using knowledge to develop predetermined outcomes. Nursing care plans are usually written out containing where and how to help clients based on their response to disease conditions. Analysis of critical questions for nurses in each activity at this stage is.

a.)    Setting priorities.

b.)    Determine objectives and outcome criteria.

c.)    Identify interventions.

d.)   Make rational.

e.)    Documenting interventions.

4.)    Critical Thinking in Implementation.

Is a skill in testing hypotheses because nursing actions are real actions that determine the level of success in achieving goals. Analysis of critical questions for nurses in each activity at this stage is.

a.)    Review.

b.)    Determine needs.

c.)    Carry out nursing actions.

d.)   Documenting the implementation.

5.)    Critical Thinking in Evaluation.

Assess the effectiveness in which nurses must be able to make decisions about meeting the basic needs of clients and whether nursing actions need to be repeated or not. Analysis of critical questions nurses in activities at this stage are.

a.)    Identify the outcome criteria so as to measure the level of success.

b.)    Collect data related to the outcome criteria.

c.)    Comparing client data with the outcome criteria and drawing conclusions about the client's problem.

d.)   Repeat and modify the plan.

e.)    Documenting progress notes. 

XXX damn

saya hanya seorang individu yang sedang memahami arti dari sebuah kehidupan, belajar akan manis dan pahitnya dunia dan merasakan arti dari sebuah keluarga dan sahabat tentunya seorang kekasih yang kelak akan jadi ibu dari anak-anak saya.

Bagikan Artikel ini